What is the purpose of a ballast in fluorescent fixtures?

The purpose of a ballast in fluorescent fixtures is to regulate the current and voltage supplied to the fluorescent lamp. Fluorescent lamps require a specific starting voltage to ignite the gas inside the tube and, once lit, they need a controlled amount of electrical current to operate efficiently without being damaged. The ballast serves to provide this initial high voltage required for ignition and then limits the current flow to the lamp to ensure it operates correctly during use. By doing so, the ballast helps maintain the lamp's functionality, extending its lifespan and ensuring stable lighting conditions.

In contrast, enhancing light diffusion is not the primary function of the ballast, as diffusion typically relates to diffusers or lens covers in the fixture design. While energy efficiency is important in lighting design, the ballast's main role is current and voltage regulation rather than directly enhancing energy efficiency. Decorative aspects also fall outside the ballast's functional role; the ballast is a mechanical component designed for performance rather than aesthetics.